Highly efficient cutting tech and tools have become the key technologies of the automotive manufacturing process. The new cutting craft like high speed cutting, dry machining, hard machining and new cutting tech has been changing the traditional process, which present strong influence. The automotive industry is a wide range of applications of the professional tool industry. Now automobile manufacturing mainly use carbide cutters. Their general working fields are as follows:
Work piece | machining tool | processing methods and speed |
Cutting high strength castings iron | CBN, SiN ceramic, Ti-based ceramics, and TiCN coated tool | milling speed may reach 2200m/min |
Cutting high silicon (Si) cast aluminum pieces | PCD,ultra-fine carbide cutting tools | milling speed may reach 2200m/min, reaming speed may reach 80m/min and 24m/min |
Machining precision forging structural steel piece | ceramic, Ti-based ceramics and TiCN coated tool | turning speed reaches 200m/min |
Processing various precision forging steel gear (inner and outer surface machining) | coated TiCN coating high cobalt (Co) powder metallurgy overall hobs, shaving cutter and all kinds of high-speed steel | broaches cutting speed of 110m/min Shaving speed of 170m/min roaching speed 10 ~ 25m/min. |
Crankshaft metal machining process: milling end face, given the total length, drilling the center hole, lathing the cylindrical of ends → milling the spindle neck and shaft shoulder → lathing the spindle and sink → drilling the oil slot → cleaning → fillet rolling → flange drilling tapping → grinding spindle neck (CBN) → fine grinding rod neck (CBN) → taper cutting and grinding the small end →Cutting flange end → lathing the rolling ended →lathing the stop surface, milling keyways → dynamic balance → abrasive belt polishing the spindle, rod and flange outer diameter → cleaning, cooling → detection classification.
Indexable face milling is very popular in the modern automobile manufacturing. Selection of the tool material of high hardness, high strength, and then deposit the appropriate coating, which is the main process to extend tool life. At the same time, improve the tool geometry is an important means to increase tool life, which is an important issue in the automotive industry. It is an important issue for cast iron milling, including gray iron, ductile iron and vermicular graphite cast iron alloy, which have different processing characteristics, Therefore, it is very important for improvements of cutter geometry optimization improvements.
Hole machining, there is still mostly adopting high speed steel twist. However, the distance among enterprises has been widen the difference. The material of the high-speed cutting drill is mainly in a variety of coating the drill with ceramic coating. The ceramic coated carbide drill particular attention to the abrasion resistance, heat resistance and lubricity of the coating processes, can also take a multilayer coating method, such composite nitride TiAlN, TiN, TiCN, etc. to form a composite coating structure. The cutting of the drill bit is continually high speed, with the different material to be processed, the cutting speed has respectively reached 200 to 300m/min.
The future trends is adopting commonly high-speed dry cutting technology (ultra high speed). It will become major guide technologies of using types of cutters with super hard materials, structural design and manufacture of composite (combination), or various types of high-speed cutting tools tech. Chipless machining process of rubbing, squeezing, roll forming tool applications will be more widely used; super hard cutting tool materials development will be faster, wider in various applications.
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